{"id":15385,"date":"2026-06-12T06:18:10","date_gmt":"2026-06-12T06:18:10","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/usvietnamcenter.uoregon.edu\/?p=15385"},"modified":"2026-06-12T06:29:23","modified_gmt":"2026-06-12T06:29:23","slug":"exhibition-on-the-70th-anniversary-of-the-land-reform-in-north-vietnam-1953-1956-and-the-exodus-of-northerners-to-south-vietnam-1954-55-august-2024","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/usvietnamcenter.uoregon.edu\/exhibition-on-the-70th-anniversary-of-the-land-reform-in-north-vietnam-1953-1956-and-the-exodus-of-northerners-to-south-vietnam-1954-55-august-2024\/","title":{"rendered":"Exhibition on the 70th\u00a0Anniversary of the Land Reform in North Vietnam (1953-1956) and the Exodus of Northerners to South Vietnam (1954-55), August 2024"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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North Vietnam\u2019s Land Reform and the 1954 Exodus: Two Life-changing Events in Modern Vietnamese History<\/strong><\/p>

Jointly organized by the Vietnamese Heritage Museum, the Vietnam Center at Texas Texas University, and the US-Vietnam Research Center at the University of Oregon.<\/p>

Exhibition Date: August 17-18, 2024 from 10:00AM to 6:00PM<\/p>

Location: Bowers Museum, 2002 N. Main St, Santa Ana, CA 92706<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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B\u00c0I N\u00d3I CHUY\u1ec6N T\u1ea0I H\u1ed8I TH\u1ea2O V\u1ec0 K\u1ef6 NI\u1ec6M 50 N\u0102M CU\u1ed8C C\u1ea2I C\u00c1CH RU\u1ed8NG \u0110\u1ea4T V\u00c0 DI C\u01af C\u1ee6A G\u1ea6N M\u1ed8T TRI\u1ec6U NG\u01af\u1edcI B\u1eaeC V\u00c0O MI\u1ec0N NAM SAU HI\u1ec6P \u0110\u1ecaNH GENEVA N\u0102M 1954<\/strong><\/p>

V\u0169 T\u01b0\u1eddng, Trung T\u00e2m Nghi\u00ean C\u1ee9u Vi\u1ec7t-M\u1ef9<\/span><\/p>

\u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, t\u00f4i xin th\u00e0nh th\u1eadt c\u1ea3m \u01a1n anh Ch\u00e2u Thu\u1ef5, anh Alex-Th\u00e1i V\u00f5, v\u00e0 to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 Ban t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Di s\u1ea3n Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c cu\u1ed9c tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m h\u00f4m nay.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

T\u00f4i r\u1ea5t m\u1eebng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i h\u00f4m nay \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f9ng nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 hai s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c C\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c di c\u01b0 c\u1ee7a g\u1ea7n 1 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc n\u0103m 1954.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

T\u00f4i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 C\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3 kh\u00e1c. Nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t nam s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 v\u00e0 l\u00fd l\u1ebd bi\u1ec7n minh cho m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch t\u00e0n b\u1ea1o nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/span><\/p>

***<\/span><\/p>

B\u00e0i n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean 10 n\u0103m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t nam, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb Vi\u1ec7t nam .\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi h\u00f4m nay t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0: nh\u1eefng l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t nam nh\u01b0 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, Ph\u1ea1m V\u0103n \u0110\u1ed3ng, L\u00ea Du\u1ea9n… h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng, hay ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc thu\u1ea7n tu\u00fd?\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

T\u00f4i bi\u1ebft trong qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi t\u1eeb l\u00e2u, c\u1ea7n g\u00ec \u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t 10 n\u0103m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u! \u0110\u00fang nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t nam trong 15 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111i M\u1ef9, v\u00e0 t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i \u01b0\u1edbc g\u00ec c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9, c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang M\u1ef9 c\u0169ng bi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta v\u00ec khi con em qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111i h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb trung h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u1edf M\u1ef9, h\u1ecd l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t nam kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc thu\u1ea7n tu\u00fd.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

T\u1ea1i sao nh\u01b0 v\u1eady? Nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfn trong th\u1eddi chi\u1ebfn tranh \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng: c\u00e1c l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t nam th\u1ef1c ra kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n ki\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1eaft m\u00e1u nh\u01b0 Stalin v\u00e0 Mao Tr\u1ea1ch \u0110\u00f4ng. H\u1ecd b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i \u0111i theo ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Nga, T\u00e0u gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 gi\u00e0nh l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t cho Vi\u1ec7t nam.<\/span><\/p>

Nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f3 l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng, n\u1ebfu M\u1ef9 mu\u1ed1n t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng \u00fd nguy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u00eat nam th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n. C\u00f2n mi\u1ec1n Nam b\u1ecb h\u1ecd coi l\u00e0 b\u00f9 nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t nam.<\/span><\/p>

Nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t, hay bi\u1ebft nh\u01b0ng r\u1ea5t tin v\u00e0o tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t nam. \u0110i\u1ec1u tai h\u1ea1i l\u00e0 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd ng\u00e0y nay tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh quan \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng trong gi\u1edbi s\u1eed h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng M\u1ef9, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb trung h\u1ecdc tr\u1edf l\u00ean.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y quan \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n kh\u00e1 r\u00f5 trong b\u1ed9 phim nhi\u1ec1u t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng phu c\u1ee7a Ken Burns v\u00e0 Lynn Novick v\u1ec1 chi\u1ebfn tranh Vi\u1ec7t Nam.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y t\u00f4i xin tr\u00edch d\u1eabn hai s\u1eed gia h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u (m\u1edbi m\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y) v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ngo\u1ea1i giao M\u1ef9 vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 George Herring (\u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Kentucky), trong quy\u1ec3n <\/span>America\u2019s Longest War<\/span><\/i> (2002), ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 sau: \u201cC\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng t\u1ea1i [\u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng] kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb Moscow; v\u00e0 m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 Li\u00ean X\u00f4 c\u00f9ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00f4i l\u00fac c\u1ed1 l\u00e8o l\u00e1i h\u1ecd, hai \u0111\u00e0n anh C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1\u2014\u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n. Th\u00eam n\u1eefa, s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba kh\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ecd l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng.”<\/span><\/p>

K\u1ebf \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Walter LeFeber (\u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Cornell), trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u00e1ch t\u1ef1a l\u00e0 \u201cThe United States and Vietnam: The Enemies\u201d (2007), \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft: \u201c\u00d4ng H\u1ed3 [Ch\u00ed Minh] kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Moscow. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00e0i X\u00f4 Vi\u1ebft Josef Stalin ngay t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1920 v\u00e0 1930, v\u00e0 k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng m\u1ea5y t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.\u201d<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c s\u1eed gia v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o M\u1ef9 hi\u1ec3u sai l\u1ec7ch v\u1ec1 C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t nam th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y t\u00f4i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y, thu th\u1eadp th\u1eadt nhi\u1ec1u b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1c b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft sai tr\u00e1i \u0111\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>

Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng: c\u00e1c l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t nam \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t th\u00e2n t\u1eeb phong tr\u00e0o y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ch\u1ec9 mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c kh\u1ecfi \u00e1ch th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p. Nh\u01b0ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng: m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 xu\u1ea5t th\u00e2n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, h\u1ecd d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n tin v\u00e0 \u0111i theo ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n.<\/span><\/p>

V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Nga, C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Trung Qu\u1ed1c, c\u00e1c l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t nam tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n ki\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbnh, say m\u00ea v\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n, tin t\u01b0\u1edfng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n \u2013 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0:<\/span><\/p>

      • m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi,\u00a0<\/span><\/li>
      • m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed d\u01b0 th\u1eeba c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t,\u00a0<\/span><\/li>
      • m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n chi\u1ebfn tranh \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c, th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>

        Trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi quan c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd:<\/span><\/p>

            • T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng l\u00e0 do ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n g\u00e2y ra,<\/span><\/li>
            • Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c s\u00e2u xa c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng l\u00e0 quan h\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t (nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y). Quan h\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u1ea1o ra giai c\u1ea5p t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t v\u00e0 \u00e1p b\u1ee9c giai c\u1ea5p v\u00f4 s\u1ea3n<\/span><\/li>
            • \u0110\u1ea5u tranh cho \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a giai c\u1ea5p v\u00f4 s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>
            • Qua \u0111\u1ea5u tranh giai c\u1ea5p nh\u01b0 C\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5 v\u00e0 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t c\u00e1c giai c\u1ea5p th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t<\/span><\/li>
            • Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 xo\u00e1 b\u1ecf s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n, t\u1eadp trung t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0o tay nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ho\u00e1 v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n.<\/span><\/li>
            • C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t nam l\u00e0 1 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi: C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t nam ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng v\u00f4 s\u1ea3n tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>

              Ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh g\u1eafn ch\u1eb7t s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u1edbi Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n, v\u1edbi kh\u1ed1i C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n, v\u1edbi Nga, Trung C\u1ed9ng. H\u1ecd tin r\u1eb1ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i y\u00eau Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 h\u1ecd, kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 h\u1ecd th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

              Nh\u1eefng ai ch\u1ed1ng Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n th\u00ec b\u1ecb h\u1ecd coi l\u00e0 b\u00e1n n\u01b0\u1edbc! Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc theo c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb n\u00e0y. Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t nam, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n, b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 k\u1ebb th\u00f9 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i.<\/span><\/p>

              Vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eefng l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t nam cu\u1ed3ng t\u00edn kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec ph\u1ea3i b\u00e0n c\u00e3i. Nh\u01b0ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec? H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng thi h\u00e0nh ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n ra sao? Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i theo d\u00f5i h\u1ecd trong 80 n\u0103m t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20 cho \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 21. T\u00f4i ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

              C\u00e1c l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t nam t\u1eeb H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u1ebfn Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Chinh v\u00e0 L\u00ea Du\u1ea9n say m\u00ea ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n, c\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp Nga, T\u00e0u, c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 thi h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n d\u00f9 li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u00e0 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i: t\u1eeb C\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ebfn H\u1ee3p t\u00e1c ho\u00e1 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u1ebfn x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng con ngu\u1eddi m\u1edbi x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 nghi\u00e3.<\/span><\/p>

              D\u0129 nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n h\u1ecd b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi Nga, Trung C\u1ed9ng \u2013 ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t nam v\u00e0 Trung C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1nh nhau t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1979 \u0111\u1ebfn 1989 v\u00ec Campuchia. Nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd t\u1eeb b\u1ecf kh\u1ed1i C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y n\u00f3 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

              H\u1ecd b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh Nga T\u00e0u kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00ec Nga T\u00e0u qu\u00e1 c\u1ef1c \u0111oan, m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. H\u1ecd ngh\u0129 Nga T\u00e0u (d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi c\u00e1c l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 Khrushchev t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1957, Mao Tr\u1ea1ch \u0110\u00f4ng sau khi b\u1eaft tay v\u1edbi M\u1ef9 n\u0103m 1972, Gorbachev sau n\u0103m 1988) qu\u00e1 nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ecdn \u0110\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n b\u1ed9i l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a phong tr\u00e0o C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf.<\/span><\/p>

              T\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i th\u1eadp ni\u00ean \u201980, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 b\u1ecf m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh kinh t\u1ebf C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn duy tr\u00ec b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ki\u1ec3u C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n. H\u1ecd v\u1eabn th\u1ec1 th\u1ed1t trung th\u00e0nh v\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ni\u1ec1m tin c\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng phai nh\u1ea1t.<\/span><\/p>

              ***<\/span><\/p>

              Ng\u00e0y nay ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd l\u00e0: m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng sai, kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea5u, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd qu\u00e1 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 c\u1ef1c \u0111oan.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

              \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u00e0n s\u00e1t ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00f4 t\u1ed9i.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

              Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea1m ph\u1ea3i sai l\u1ea7m nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1eaft nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y \u1edf cu\u1ed9c tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m v\u1ec1 C\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i mong cu\u1ed9c tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m n\u00e0y gi\u00fap hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t nam, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111au th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/p>

              Xin d\u1eebng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, v\u00e0 xin c\u1ea3m t\u1ea1 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eafng nghe.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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              \"Exhibition<\/figure><\/div>
              \"Exhibition<\/figure><\/div>
              \"Exhibition<\/figure><\/div>
              \"Exhibition<\/figure><\/div>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
              \n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t
              \n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
              <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

              North Vietnam\u2019s Land Reform and the 1954 Exodus: Two Life-changing Events in Modern Vietnamese History Jointly organized by the Vietnamese Heritage Museum, the Vietnam Center at Texas Texas University, and the US-Vietnam Research Center at the University of Oregon. Exhibition Date: August 17-18, 2024 from 10:00AM to 6:00PM Location: Bowers Museum, 2002 N. Main St, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":15386,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[82],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-15385","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-exhibitions"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/usvietnamcenter.uoregon.edu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15385","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/usvietnamcenter.uoregon.edu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/usvietnamcenter.uoregon.edu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/usvietnamcenter.uoregon.edu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/usvietnamcenter.uoregon.edu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15385"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/usvietnamcenter.uoregon.edu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15385\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15476,"href":"https:\/\/usvietnamcenter.uoregon.edu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15385\/revisions\/15476"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/usvietnamcenter.uoregon.edu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/15386"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/usvietnamcenter.uoregon.edu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15385"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/usvietnamcenter.uoregon.edu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15385"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/usvietnamcenter.uoregon.edu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15385"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}